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Beverly M. Helm, JD, LLM
Illinoise (630) 690-7322 
Michigan: 248-647-7960
BevHelm@aol.com
 Special needs trusts, wills, 
powers of attorney and guardianships
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9/11/01
    Guardianships protect the legal rights and interests of individuals who are not competent to understand or to manage their own affairs.
  • The most common problem for families following a head injury is determining how to pay for past and future medical expenses. 
  • A head injury might undermine the the ability to make legally competent decisions concerning disposition of property and other financial resources. Such a state, whether temporary or permanent can interfere with the ability to obtain medical care.
  • A head injury can seriously impair the ability to understand or to manage ones affairs. 
  • For this, and/or other reasons, a Guardianship may be needed.
      Guardianship or Limited Guardianship. 
  • A Guardianship is a special relationship in which the Court appoints a Guardian to protect the legal rights and interests of a person who is not competent to understand or to manage his or her own affairs (the beneficiary). 
  • A Limited Guardianship may be used when the injured person needs protection and assistance, and is not legally incompetent. In many cases of severe head injury a full Guardianship is necessary. 
  • Your attorney can assist you in determining whether a Guardianship or Limited Guardianship is necessary.
  • A finding of incompetency may be psychologically damaging to the injured person (the beneficiary). Therefore, the appropriateness of a Limited Guardianship should be first considered before applying for a full Guardianship.
      A Guardian's Rights and Responsibilities:
  • The Guardian has the right and duty to consult with legal and financial counsel and should do so whenever necessary.
  • The Guardian should be emotionally able to handle the decisions that will need to be made on behalf of the beneficiary. In most cases the Court appoints a family member as Guardian. 
  • The Guardian should be a person in good health that has good business sense, but he or she does not need to have special knowledge or expertise business. 
      Setting Up a Guardianship:
  • Once it is determined that a Guardianship is necessary, your attorney will assist you in preparing the documents and appearing before the Court to begin the Guardianship. 
  • Upon receiving a Petition for a Guardianship, the Court routinely appoints an independent third party, usually an attorney, to investigate the need for a Guardianship and report back to the Court. 
  • This third party is called a Guardian ad litem. After the Guardian ad litem reports back to the Court, a short hearing is held before the Court, and if no dispute exists about the need for a Guardianship or the proposed Guardian's qualifications, the Court will approve the Guardianship. Usually a fee is charged for the Guardian ad litem's services.
      Status of the Guardianship
  • Your attorney can assist you both in determining bond premiums charged by insurance companies and in preparing and presenting the Guardianship. 
  • An initial filing fee is usually required to begin Guardianship proceedings. Attorney fees and the cost of the Guardian ad litem's investigation and report to the Court vary depending upon the complexity of the Guardianship and the amount of time needed to do the work. 
  • Usually the Court will require the appointed Guardian to post a bond in an amount sufficient to cover the value of the injured person's assets. Often the Court requires a yearly report by the Guardian.
  • When you consult an attorney about a Guardianship, make sure you discuss all costs and fees that will be involved in the process. 
  • The Guardian arranges for the medical treatment and care of the injured person as well as managing the person's property and assets. 
  • Generally the Guardian may use these assets to provide for the injured person's everyday living expenses and medical care. 
  • However, most transactions including sale or lease of the injured person's property require the Court's approval. 
  • The Guardian may bring any legal action, such as a personal injury suite on behalf of the injured person. 
     This is a bare bones introduction to Guardianships, you should consult a qualified legal professional for further assistance in this regard.

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